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Ruapuke Island
Ruapuke Island is one of the southernmost islands in New Zealand's main chain of islands. It lies to the southeast of Bluff and northeast of Oban on Stewart Island/Rakiura. It was named "Bench Island" upon its European discovery by Captain James Cook in 1770, but has rarely been known by any other name than its Māori name, which means "two hills".〔(Ruapuke Island shipping disasters before 1900 )〕 The island covers an area of about . It guards the eastern end of Foveaux Strait.
==History==
The island formerly had a Māori population of 200. Notable Māori inhabitants included Kai Tahu chief Tuhawaiki and John Topi Patuki, MLC. A mission station was established on the island in 1843 by the Rev Johan Wohlers, but it too is long gone.〔"(Ruapuke Island )", Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand.〕
The island was the site of several shipwrecks during the latter half of the 19th century, though most were without the loss of life. One exception was the collision of the cutters "Annie" and "Deveron" during a storm in April 1894, which resulted in the loss of two lives.〔 The island and its surrounding rocks and reefs are still a hazard to the fishing vessels which ply Foveaux Strait, itself a notoriously dangerous stretch of water.〔(Ruapuke Island ) at Shipwreck Log, showing the grounding of the fishing boat ''Torea'' off the island in 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2013.〕〔Harding, E. "(Hurt takes its toll )", stuff.co.nz, 27 March 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2013.〕
Sheep were farmed on the island for some time, though it is now uninhabited, and privately owned by descendants of Tuhawaiki. The island is notable for its bird life, and it is a breeding site for the endangered yellow-eyed penguin.〔"(Ruapuke Island – 1941 and 2012 – In the footsteps of Edgar Stead (Part 9) )", Te Papa Tongarewa Museum of New Zealand.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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